Generic
Terbinafine Hydrochloride
Indications
Terbinafine tablet: This tablet is indicated for the treatment of onychomycosis of the toenail or fingernail due to dermatophytes (tinea unguium). Terbinafine granules: This is indicated in Tinea Capitis. Terbinafine cream: Fungal infection of the skin caused by Trichophyton (e.g. T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, T. verrucosum, T. violaceum), Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton floccosum. Yeast infections of the skin, principally those caused by the genus Candida (e.g. C. albicans). Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor due to Pityrosporum orbicular (also known as Malassezia furfur). Terbinafine 1% Spray: This spray is indicated in the treatment of tinea infections of the skin. This spray is also indicated in the treatment of pityriasis (tinea) versicolor due to Malassezia furfur.
Pharmacology
Terbinafine, an Allylamine antifungal, inhibits biosynthesis of Ergosterol (an essential component of fungai cell membrane) via inhibition of Squalene Epoxidase enzyme. This results in fungal cell death primarily due to the increased membrane permeability mediated by the accumulation of high concentrations of Squalene but not due to Ergosterol deficiency. Depending on the concentration of the drug and the fungal species test in vitro, Terbinafine hydrochloride may be fungicidal. However, the clinical significance of in vitro data is unknown. Terbinafine has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms both in vitro and in clinical infections: Tricophyton Mentagrophyte, Trichophyton Rubrum.
Dosage Administration
Terbinafine tablet: For the treatment of fingernail onychomycosis: Terbinafine 250 mg (one tablet), once daily for 6 weeks. For the treatment of toenail onychomycosis: Terbinafine 250 mg (one tablet), once daily for 12 weeks. The optimal clinical effect is seen some months after mycological cure and cessation of treatment. This is related to the period required for the outgrowth of healthy nail. Terbinafine granules: Body Weight: <25 kg: 125 mg/day up to 6 weeks Body Weight: 25-35 kg: 187.5 mg/day up to 6 weeks Body Weight: >35 kg: 250 mg/day up to 6 weeks Terbinafine cream: Terbinafine cream can be applied once or twice daily. Cleanse and dry the affected areas thoroughly before application of the terbinafine cream. Apply the cream to the affected skin and the surrounding area in a thin layer and rub in lightly. In the case of intertriginous infections (submammary, interdigital, intergluteal, inguinal) the application may be covered with a gauze strip, especially at night. The likely durations of treatment are as follows: Tinea corporis, cruris: 1 to 2 weeks Tinea pedis: 1 week Cutaneous candidiasis: 2 weeks Pityriasis versicolor: 2 weeks Relief of the clinical symptoms usually occurs within a few days. Irregular use or premature discontinuation of treatment carries the risk of recurrence. If there are no signs of improvement after two weeks, the diagnosis should be verified. Terbinafine 1% Spray: This spray is applied once or twice daily, depending on the indication. The affected areas should be cleansed and dried thoroughly before application of this spray. A sufficient amount of solution should be applied to wet the treatment area(s) thoroughly. Tinea pedis: once a day,1 week Tinea corporis/cruris: once a day,1 week Pityriasis versicolor: twice a day, 1 week Relief of clinical symptoms usually occurs within a few days. If there are no signs of improvement after two weeks the diagnosis should be verified.
Contraindications
In vivo studies have shown that terbinafine is an inhibitor of the CYP450 2D6 isozyme. Drugs predominantly metabolized by the CYP450 2D6 isozyme include the following drug classes: tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, beta-blockers, antiarrhythmics class 1C (e.g., flecainide and propafenone) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors Type B. Co-administration of terbinafine should be done with careful monitoring and may require a reduction in dose of the 2D6-metabolized drug.
Side Effects
Terbinafine tablet and cream are contra-indicated in individuals with hypersensitive to terbinafine.
Pregnancy And Lactation
The adverse events reported encompass gastrointestinal symptoms (including diarrhea, dyspepsia and abdominal pain), liver test abnormalities, rashes, urticaria, pruritus, and taste disturbances. In general, the adverse events were mild, transient, and did not lead to discontinuation. Adverse events, based on worldwide experience with terbinafine use, include: idiosyncratic and symptomatic hepatic injury and more rarely, cases of liver failure, some leading to death or liver transplant, serious skin reactions, severe neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, angioedema and allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis). Other adverse reactions that have been reported include malaise, fatigue, vomiting, arthralgia, myalgia, and hair loss.
Therapeutic
Pediatric use: The safety and efficacy of terbinafine have not been established in pediatric patients. Use in the elderly: There is no evidence to suggest that elderly patients require different dosages or experience side-effects different to those of younger patients.
Storage Conditions
Other Antifungal preparations, Topical Antifungal preparations
Over The Counter Products
