Hypezide
Tablet
Pacific Pharmaceuticals Ltd.Generic:
HydrochlorothiazideWeight:
50 mgbest Price:
? 1.00Generic
Hydrochlorothiazide
Contraindications
Patients should be carefully monitored for signs of fluid and electrolyte imbalance (hyponatraemia, hypochloraemic alkalosis, hypokalaemia and hypomagnesaemia). It is particularly important to make serum and urine electrolyte determinations when the patient is vomiting excessively or receiving parenteral fluids. Warning signs or symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance include: dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, seizures, confusion, muscle pains or cramps, muscle fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, and gastro-intestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting. Hypokalaemia may develop, especially with brisk diuresis, when severe cirrhosis is present, or after prolonged therapy. Hypokalaemia can sensitise or exaggerate the response of the heart to the toxic effects of digitalis (e.g. increased ventricular irritability). Sensitivity reactions may occur in patients with or without history of allergy or bronchial asthma. Hypokalaemia may be avoided or treated in the adult by concurrent use of amiloride hydrochloride, a potassium conserving agent. It may also be avoided by giving potassium chloride or foods with a high potassium content. Diuretic-induced hyponatraemia is usually mild and asymptomatic. Dilutional hyponatraemia may occur in oedematous patients in hot weather; and, except in rare instances when hyponatraemia is life-threatening, appropriate therapy is water restriction rather than administration of salt. Thiazides may decrease serum protein bound iodine levels without signs of thyroid disturbances. Thiazides may decrease urinary calcium excretion, and may also cause intermittent and slight elevation of serum calcium in the absence of known disorders of calcium metabolism. Thiazides should be discontinued before carrying out tests for parathyroid function. When creatinine clearance falls below 30ml/min, thiazide diuretics become ineffective. Uraemia may be precipitated or increased by chlorothiazide. Cumulative effects of the drug may develop in patients with impaired renal function. If increasing uraemia and oliguria occur during treatment of renal disease, Hydrochlorothiazide should be discontinued. Thiazides should be used with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function or progressive liver disease, since minor alterations of fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic coma. Hyperuricaemia may occur, or gout may be precipitated, in certain patients receiving thiazide therapy. Thaizide therapy may impair glucose tolerance. Increases in cholesterol and triglyceride levels may be associated with thiazide diuretic therapy. The possibility of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus has been reported. Latent diabetes may become manifest during thiazide administration.
Side Effects
The most common signs and symptoms observed are those caused by electrolyte depletion (hypokalaemia, hypochloraemia, hyponatraemia) and dehydration resulting from excessive diuresis. If digitalis has also been administered, hypokalaemia may accentuate cardiac arrhythmias. In the event of overdosage, symptomatic and supportive measures should be employed. If ingestion is recent, emesis should be induced or gastric lavage performed. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, hepatic coma and hypotension should be corrected by established methods. If required, give oxygen or artificial respiration for respiratory impairment.
Pregnancy And Lactation
Thiazide diuretics & related drugs
Over The Counter Products
